Species	Variety	Primary Sources	Known Treatments
Corundum	Blue sapphire	Australia, Cambodia, Kenya, Madagascar, Montana, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and Thailand	Heated and/or diffused to improve color
	Green sapphire	Australia, Cambodia, Kenya, Madagascar, Montana, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and Thailand	Heated and/or diffused to improve color
	Orange sapphire	Australia, Cambodia, Kenya, Madagascar, Montana, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and Thailand	Heated and/or diffused to improve color
	Pink sapphire	Australia, Madagascar, Montana, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and Thailand	Heated and/or diffused to improve color
	Ruby	Madagascar, Myanmar, Tanzania and Thailand	Heated and/or diffused to improve color
	Yellow Sapphire	Kenya, Montana, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and Thailand	Heated and/or diffused to improve color
Beryl	Aquamarine	Madagascar, Mozambique, Nigeria, Pakistan and Zambia	Heated to improve color
	Emerald	Brazil, Columbia and Zambia	Oiled to fill fissures and improve stability
Tourmaline	Green tourmaline	Afghanistan, Brazil, East Africa and United States	Heated to improve color
	Pink Tourmaline	Afghanistan, Brazil, East Africa and United States	Heated and/or irradiated to improve color
Quartz	Amethyst	Afghanistan, Madagascar, Mozambique, Pakistan, South America and Zambia	Heated to improve color
	Citrine	Afghanistan, Madagascar, Mozambique, Pakistan, South America and Zambia	Heated to improve color
	Madeira Citrine	Afghanistan, Madagascar, Mozambique, Pakistan, South America and Zambia	Heated to improve color
Garnet	Pyrope	Africa, India, Russia and South America	None
	Rhodolite	Africa, India, Russia and South America	None
Peridot	Peridot	Arizona, China, Myanmar and Pakistan	Oiled to improve stability
Topaz	Blue Topaz	Africa, Brazil, China, Mexico and Sri Lanka	Irradiated to improve color
	London Blue Topaz	Africa, Brazil, China, Mexico and Sri Lanka	Irradiated to improve color

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